Structural types of terrains in the ophiolite belt of the Dinarides, Central Bosnia

Introduction: The ophiolite belt of the Dinarides in the Central Bosnia region represents a specific formation, both in lithological and engineeringgeological terms. From an engineering-geological perspective, this formation is characterized by anisotropic and heterogeneous geotechnical properties, with all the specific features typical of an ophiolitic mélange. It consists of a series of intrusions and extrusions of basic and ultrabasic magmas, partially of intermediate composition. A distinctive feature of this formation is the presence of a volcanogenic-sedimentary sequence that locally separates magmatic rocks from Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary clastic sediments. Additionally, magmatic activity during later stages led to the metamorphosis of basic and ultrabasic rocks, resulting in the formation of serpentinites. Methods: Terrain instability phenomena, primarily represented by landslides, are predominantly associated with areas where direct contact exists between sedimentary formations and magmatic rocks. Rockfalls, as geodynamic processes, are linked to steep rocky slopes or road cuts and, occasionally, riverbeds. By applying geological and geotechnical investigation methods, six terrain types within the ophiolite belt of the Dinarides in Central Bosnia were identified and analyzed. This classification is of critical importance for the design, construction, and maintenance of artificial structures, particularly in view of the the alignment of the Vc motorway through this region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: The paper presents research findings related to the age of individual lithological units and their stratigraphic positions. Furthermore, the study provides significant insights into the physical and mechanical properties of specific lithological members, their hydrogeological characteristics, and their broader functional role within the terrain system of Central Bosnia. Conclusion: Based on the conducted investigations, terrain types within the ophiolite belt of the Dinarides have been defined and analyzed. The study concludes that the causes of terrain instability during construction, particularly the activation of landslide processes, can be classified into four main categories: geological, geomorphological, physical (climatic), and anthropogenic factors, all of which are clearly defined and addressed in this paper.