Structural optimization of compression running tights based on CLO3D virtual pressure and skin deformation

This study addresses insufficient fit, localized pressure concentration, and unstable knee support in compression running tights during running. Using CLO3D virtual fitting technology, a coupled human–garment simulation model was constructed, and 130 continuous virtual pressure measurement points were established on the lower limbs, enabling full-field visualization and evaluation of pressure distribution beyond conventional localized pressure-point assessment. Integrating ergonomic principles and skin deformation characteristics, a structural optimization scheme combining a spiral-oriented compression structure with a knee support unit was proposed. Comparative analyses of pressure distribution, regional average pressure, and peak pressure were conducted under both static and multiple dynamic postures.

The results indicate that the optimized structure guided pressure transmission along the longitudinal axis of the lower limb, reduced the average dynamic pressure in the hip, thigh, and calf regions, and enhanced knee support stability without substantially increasing peak pressure, thereby achieving a coordinated improvement in both fit and functional support. This study demonstrates the engineering feasibility of a virtual-simulation–driven structural optimization approach for the design of functional compression sportswear. The CLO3D-derived pressure results should be interpreted as relative optimization trends, and future research will further refine and validate the findings through physical pressure testing and continuous motion validation.