Stochastic Delay Bound Prediction Enabled by Network Calculus in TSN‐5G Cross‐Domain Networks

ABSTRACT

The Industrial Internet's expansion intensifies the need for low‐latency and high‐reliability end‐to‐end deterministic networks. While TSN‐5G integration offers a promising path, complex delay‐bound prediction and inherent stochastic fluctuations remain key bottlenecks, leading to total delay jitter and reliability degradation. To address this challenge, we propose an “SNC‐DNC fusion framework” employing a stochastic‐probabilistic identity deterministic cross‐domain mapping (SPI‐DCM) mechanism that unifies stochastic and deterministic network calculus for cross‐domain latency modelling. Specifically, its core innovation—a priority‐ and burst‐sensitive mechanism—adaptively converts SNC to DNC parameters for periodic, aperiodic, and bursty flows while maintaining probabilistic accuracy, complemented by a delay‐exponential decay elastic service curve, capturing 5G's burst‐load dynamics. Simulations show that SPI‐DCM can tighten the delay bound by up to approximately 40% compared with the improved MGF‐SNC and WCD methods under identical constraints, while preserving reliability and analytical scalability, demonstrating its effectiveness and practical value.