Stages of scientific and technical policy development in the Russian Federation: political and legal aspect

Analysis of the stages of development of the state's scientific and technical policy without a clear chronological link to the substantive changes in the regulatory framework does not fully reveal the roots of the problems of its modern formation. The need to clarify the time frame of the stages of development of scientific and technical policy when considering the relationship between the activities of its subjects and the political and program documents regulating scientific and technical activities predetermined the relevance of this study. Based on this, the purpose of the article is to determine the stages of development of scientific and technical policy in the Russian Federation from the late 1990s. to the present, based on the identification of links between the process of adopting political and program documents regulating this area and the activities of subjects of scientific and technical policy. To achieve it, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to analyze the regulatory framework governing this area, clarify the content of the concept of scientific and technical policy, identify the distinctive features of subjects of scientific and technical policy, identify the main stages of the formation of scientific and technical policy and determine their features. The methodological basis of the study was: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, description, comparison, analogy) and private scientific methods (method of comparative law and formal legal method). A comparison of the stages of development of these processes contributes to a more objective periodization, since it allows you to get a holistic idea of the goals, directions and practical results of the activities of state bodies in the ramework of scientific and technical policy for the specified period. The conclusions obtained from this study can form the basis for a deeper analysis of both the sphere of scientific and technological policy in general and its individual elements