Stages of adverbial transposition of case-number forms of the substantive lexeme WINTER in Russian

This paper presents a study of the stepwise transposition of case-number forms of the noun lexeme "winter" into temporal and temporal-aspectual adverbs. The process of adverbial transposition involves a change in the proportion of substantive and adverbial features in the structure of word forms, gradually moving from nouns to the adverbial class. The results of a study of different stages of adverbialization of noun forms in the accusative singular and the instrumental singular and plural are presented. Different stages of adverbialization of the accusative and instrumental cases of the original noun lexeme are identified. The zones of the core and periphery of the noun, the zone of hybrid, substantive-adverbial structures, and the periphery of adverbs are determined. The features of the grammatical adverbialization of the compared case-number forms of nouns and its reflection in modern Russian dictionaries are shown. The paper employs such research methods as functional analysis, the oppositional method, a linguistic experiment, and elements of distributional and componential analysis. Using the word forms "zimu," "zimoy," and "zimami" as examples, it is shown how they gradually transform into adverbs in different types of contexts. It is substantiated that the substantive forms "zimoy" and "zimami" bypass the zone of hybrid structures characterized by an approximate balance of the features of interacting nouns and adverbs in their semantic-grammatical development during adverbialization. As a result of the adverbialization of the forms "zimu," "zimoy," and "zimami," functional homonyms-adverbs are formed. The presented observations can be used in studying the facts of adverbialization of different types of substantives involved in the process of adverbialization in several case-number forms at once; in the further development of problems of transposition and syncretism, as well as in lexicography and the teaching of Russian grammar in higher and secondary schools.