DOI: 10.4103/ijcfm.ijcfm_38_25 ISSN: 2395-2113

Sociobehavioral determinants influencing early childhood caries in children aged 3–6 years in Sullia Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka

H. Supriya, Aashif Zaid, Praveena Jaseela, Nusrath Fareed, B. Suman, M. Shaila, V. Sarah Evelin

Abstract

Introduction:

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a prevalent noninfectious disease in children posing a significant public health challenge. This study aims to unveil sociodemographic and behavioral factors linked to ECC among children aged 3–6 years in rural areas of Sullia Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district. Identification of these key determinants will help in the implementation of focused interventions that sequentially enhance oral health outcomes, benefiting children and the community.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional epidemiological study was undertaken among 425 children. The data collection process involved a comprehensive questionnaire comprising demographic information, clinical assessments using the World Health Organization dentition status, and validated questions targeting sociodemographic and behavioral determinants. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21, and a p -value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results:

The study revealed significant associations between ECC prevalence and various factors such as gender (males: 50.38%, females: 59.44%, p < 0.001), age, geographical location, sociocultural background, maternal education, and family structure. Feeding practices significantly impacted caries prevalence, with bottle-fed children showing a higher prevalence (75.89%) than breastfed children ( p =0.026). In addition, poor oral hygiene practices, nighttime feeding, and lack of dental visits correlated with higher caries rates.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the multifaceted nature of ECC, emphasizing the need for targeted public health interventions that address sociodemographic and behavioral determinants. Improved awareness and education regarding oral health practices are crucial in reducing ECC incidence and enhancing child well-being.

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