DOI: 10.1039/d6fb00263c ISSN: 2753-8095

Smart drying systems: machine learning, digital twins, soft sensors, and predictive control (2021–2025)

Heri Septya Kusuma, Mahfud Mahfud, Ganing Irbah Al Lantip, Debora Engelien Christa Jaya, Andrew Nosakhare Amenaghawon, Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan

Smart drying integrates sensing, data processing, predictive models, control, and digital-twin-oriented operation. Recent evidence shows strong progress in prediction and monitoring, while scale-up, robustness, and deployment remain key barriers.

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