Simultaneous Observations of Thermospheric Disturbances by FY3E TriIPM and GOLD During 10–14 May 2024 Storm
Qian Song, Dandan Liu, Tian Mao, Liping FuAbstract
Thermospheric O/N 2 ratio variations are obtained using the FY3E Triple Ionosphere PhotoMeter (TriIPM) and GOLD data during the 10–14 May 2024 geomagnetic storm. This study presents the first simultaneous observations from these two instruments to capture storm‐time thermospheric O/N 2 variations. A quantitative comparison of near‐simultaneous measurements demonstrated excellent agreement, yielding a high correlation coefficient of 0.96. Furthermore, the combined TriIPM and GOLD datasets reveal a pronounced longitudinal asymmetry in O/N 2 depletion, with the GOLD sector (western hemisphere) showing much stronger depletion and more equatorward expansion than the TriIPM sector (eastern hemisphere). This asymmetry is likely attributed to the concentration of storm‐time energy deposition near the northern geomagnetic pole, which lies within the GOLD field of view; neutral wind transport, particularly equatorward meridional winds, may further modulate the longitudinal distribution. The combined observations of TriIPM and GOLD O/N 2 may provide a valuable opportunity to understand the energy and momentum transfer in the coupled magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere system during storms, as well as to validate theoretical models.