Simulation Study on Battery Rack for Electric Vessels Under Accelerations in Different Directions

With increasingly stringent global requirements on emission reduction and environmental protection in the maritime industry, lithium battery-powered ships have developed rapidly due to their near-zero emissions and low noise characteristics. However, the transition to power systems also introduces new safety challenges, particularly the risk of thermal runaway in lithium batteries under mechanical abuse conditions. To address the complex external loads encountered during actual ship operations, this study establishes a mechanical simulation model of a marine battery rack and battery modules based on Abaqus finite element software. By applying longitudinal, transverse, and vertical accelerations, the stress responses and failure characteristics of the battery rack under different operating conditions are systematically investigated.