Sexualized drug use and high-risk behaviors among men who have sex with men, transgender women, and gender-diverse individuals in Andalusia
Cesar Sotomayor, Jose María García De Lomas, Mónica Maure, José Miguel Saucedo, Cristina Gómez-Ayerbe, Alberto Zambrano, Francisco Gotor, Victoria Ayala, Cristina González-Conde, Ainhoa Sánchez, Javier De La TorreBackground
Sexualized drug is increasingly recognized as a health issue among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), transgender women and gender-diverse individuals. However, regional data remain scarce. This study aimed to characterize sexualized drug use in these populations in Andalusia, Spain, and explore associated sexual behaviors, outcomes, and professional perspectives relevant to healthcare organization.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Andalusia between December 2024 and May 2025 using two anonymous, self-administered surveys: one targeting individuals who engage in sexualized drug use, and the other targeting professionals involved in its prevention and care. Descriptive analyses were performed.
Results
Of 159 completed and analyzed questionnaires, 148 participants reported drug use in a sexual context. Among participants reporting sexualized drug use (148/159), 65% reported a previous STI. In the chemsex subgroup (
Conclusions
Sexualized drug use is an important public health concern. These findings support integrated sexual health, mental health and substance-use services, alongside professional training and coordinated care pathways.