Sex-specific Risks in Lung Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Focus on Female Patients
Margaux Geier, Jessica Nguyen, Benjamin Auberger, Renaud Descourt, Gilles Quéré, Chloé Ntshaykolo, Estelle Dhamelincourt, Inès Peillon, François Lucia, Vincent Bourbonne, Francis CouturaudSex and lung cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) matter. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent and serious complication in lung cancer, and accumulating evidence suggests that sex-related factors may influence thrombotic risk. In this review, we highlight the epidemiological, clinical, and biological specificities of women in relation to thrombotic risk in lung cancer. We explore sex-specific determinants of CAT, including host-, tumor- and treatment-related factors. Special attention is given to oncogene-addicted adenocarcinoma, particularly enriched in women and their implications for VTE risk and anticoagulation management. We also discuss the therapeutic challenges specific to female patients, including bleeding risks, drug–drug interactions with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the need for sex-informed VTE risk stratification.