Self-Reported Mental Health History and Self-Reported Coping Behaviours in Biomedicine Students—Exploring Associations with Healthy Lifestyle and Resilience

Background: Mental health disorders (MHDs) are an important concern among biomedical students, but estimates vary depending on whether studies assess confirmed diagnoses, perceived problems or current symptoms. This study assessed the presence of self-reported MHD history, operationalised as a heterogeneous combined outcome that included either a confirmed MHD diagnosis or a subjective perception of having or having had an MHD without official confirmation, and examined its associations with self-reported coping behaviours, resilience, study-related exhaustion and disengagement symptoms and healthy lifestyle adherence. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among students from Medicine, Dental Medicine and Pharmacy programmes. Of 936 eligible students, 520 completed the survey (55.6%). The survey assessed self-reported MHD history and coping behaviours, while standardised questionnaires measured resilience, exhaustion and disengagement symptoms and healthy lifestyle adherence. Analyses included descriptive statistics, group comparisons, Spearman correlations, false-discovery-rate correction for exploratory coping-behaviour analyses and age- and gender-adjusted logistic regression. Results: Overall, 159 students (30.6%) had self-reported MHD history present, including 32 (6.2%) with a confirmed diagnosis and 127 (24.4%) with a subjectively perceived MHD without official confirmation. Exhaustion/disengagement scores negatively correlated with resilience and lifestyle scores, while resilience positively correlated with lifestyle scores (all p < 0.001). In adjusted logistic regression, higher resilience (OR = 0.539, 95% CI = 0.389–0.747, p < 0.001) and lifestyle scores (OR = 0.951, 95% CI = 0.929–0.974, p < 0.001) were associated with lower odds of self-reported MHD history being present. Conclusions: Self-reported MHD history was common among respondents and was associated with lower resilience, poorer lifestyle adherence and higher study-related exhaustion and disengagement symptoms. Because the outcome was heterogeneous and the design was cross-sectional, findings should be interpreted as associations rather than clinically verified prevalence estimates or causal effects.