Self-efficacy as a Moderator for Work-life Balance and Psychological Well-being of Gig Workers

The rapid growth of the gig economy has transformed the nature of employment globally, including in the Philippines, providing flexible work opportunities while introducing challenges related to work–life balance and psychological well-being. Gig workers often face irregular schedules, blurred work–life boundaries, and limited institutional support, which can negatively affect their mental health. This study examined the moderating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between work–life balance and psychological well-being among Filipino gig workers. This study investigates the moderating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between work-life balance and psychological well-being among gig workers in the Philippines. Utilizing a predictive correlational research design, data were gathered from 367 gig workers through convenience and snowball sampling techniques. Standardized instruments were used, including the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), the Work-Life Balance Scale (WLB-15), and Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB). Results revealed a significant positive correlation between work-life balance and psychological well-being (Spearman’s rho = 0.431, p < 0.001). Specifically, two dimensions of work-life balance—Work Interference with Personal Life (WIPL) and Work-Personal Life Enhancement (WPLE)—significantly predicted psychological well-being (p = 0.01). However, Personal Life Interference with Work (PLIW) did not show a significant relationship (p = 0.69). Moreover, self-efficacy significantly moderated the relationship between work-life balance and psychological well-being (interaction estimate = -0.627, p = 0.0007), suggesting that individuals with higher self-efficacy are better able to mitigate the negative effects of work-life challenges. The findings emphasize the importance of enhancing self-efficacy to promote better work-life balance and psychological well-being among gig workers. These insights offer practical implications for employers, policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals in developing targeted interventions for the gig workforce.