Selective Sorption of Rhenium and Molybdenum Oxoanions Using an Interpolymer System Based on Functionalized Cellulose and Lewatit Monoplus SP112H in Acidic Aqueous Media

Isolating rhenium and molybdenum selectively from multicomponent acidic hydrometallurgical solutions remains problematic because of the abundance of competing cations and the low concentration of target oxoanions. This study investigates the sorption of Re(VII) and Mo(VI) oxoanions by an interpolymer system (IPS) comprising a cellulose–polyethyleneimine–glutaraldehyde (Cellulose-PEI-GA) weak-base anion exchanger and a sulfonated styrene–divinylbenzene cation-exchange resin (Lewatit MonoPlus SP112H), operating as spatially separated but solution-coupled phases. The industrial feed, a sulfuric acid leach liquor from electrostatic precipitator dust at the Zhezkazgan copper smelter, Kazakhstan (pH 1.25), was pretreated by liquid–liquid extraction with a trialkylamine-2-ethylhexanol–kerosene system followed by ammonia stripping to give an alkaline re-extract (pH 11.98) used for sorption. At the optimal 1:1 mass ratio of the two components (3:3), the IPS achieved a rhenium recovery of 77.7% (Kd = 3678 mL g−1, q = 4.51 mg g−1) against a markedly lower molybdenum recovery of 24.0% (Kd = 333 mL g−1), giving a Re/Mo separation factor β of 8.8–15.5 across the studied compositions; this uptake exceeded the value predicted from the individual sorbents by a factor of ~2.6, indicating a cooperative rather than purely additive effect. Sorption kinetics (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich models) and diffusion mechanisms (Weber–Morris and Boyd models) were consistent with mixed film- and intraparticle-diffusion control. Desorption with hydrochloric acid recovered 91.4% of the sorbed rhenium and 89.1% of the molybdenum, and FTIR, TGA, and BET analyses (surface area increasing from 1.93 to 8.62 m2 g−1 for the cellulose component and from 7.21 to 8.46 m2 g−1 for the resin) confirmed sorbate-induced textural and compositional changes consistent with the proposed complementary anion-/cation-exchange mechanism.