DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1803224 ISSN: 2148-6905

Selection of superior vine clones from the ‘Çalkarası’ grape population grown in Çal district (Denizli, Türkiye)

Turan Karadeniz, Levent Kırca, Hayri Sağlam
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This study investigated the morphological, pomological, and biochemical characteristics of ‘Çalkarası’ grape selection material to assess its breeding potential. Descriptive statistics revealed significant variation in key traits, including berry size, cluster weight, 100-berry weight (one-hundred berry weight), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Principal Component Analysis explained 54.26% of the total variance in the first two components (85.96% in the first four), effectively differentiating genotypes based on yield- and quality-related characteristics. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis categorized the genotypes into two main groups: Çalkarası-1, -2, -3, and -4 stood out for their superior cluster characteristics, yield potential, and phenolic compounds levels, while Çalkarası-6, -7, and -8 were distinguished by larger berry size, distinct color attributes (L*, b*, Hueo), and antioxidant capacity. Correlation analyses revealed significant relationships, including a strong positive association between berry size and skin lightness (L*), and a notable trade-off between cluster number and berry weight. A striking negative correlation was observed between total flavonoids and antioxidant activity, suggesting that antioxidant capacity is driven by non-flavonoid phenolic fractions. These findings demonstrate substantial genetic diversity within the ‘Çalkarası’ population, providing a robust foundation for future selection and breeding programs aimed at enhancing both yield and fruit quality.

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