Selection of Conformal Geometry for Huygen Box and Its Application to Antenna Array and Massive MIMO Antenna System

ABSTRACT

Huygen Box approach has shown promising results in terms of simulating the array of complex geometrical structures. The storage of fields at the surface of the Huygen Box reduces the computational cost significantly, but the selection of surface plays a major role in accuracy of the simulation result. This manuscript discusses the selection of conformal geometry of Huygen Box as per the radiating elements for accurate field storage. To support the proposed claim, two different antenna configurations viz. printed dipole and wired dipole placed over a reflector, acting as base station antenna, have been considered as radiating elements. Based on element geometry, the rectangular Huygen Box for printed dipole and cylindrical Huygen Box for the wire dipole are considered for storage of fields. The radiation patterns due to conformal geometries have been compared with the radiation pattern obtained from the actual structure. The patterns show a close match. The concept has been expanded to design and linear and planar arrays for both structures. The significant reduction in computation time has been observed using the proposed approach, up to 66% for linear and 82% for planar arrays. In the next part, an array of elements of a wired dipole has been designed for massive‐MIMO. Using appropriate phase shifts in equivalent sources, symmetric two beams have been obtained to replicate the multiuser scenario.