Seizure Action Plans Beyond the Neurology Clinic: What Emergency, School, and Primary Care Teams Need to Know for Children With Epilepsy

Most seizures in children with epilepsy occur outside the neurology clinic. Seizure action plans (SAPs) are designed to extend the neurologist's management plan into these settings. Early SAPs primarily targeted caregivers, while current plans target not only caregivers but also teachers, other medical providers, and anyone else who may be able to intervene on behalf of these children. Some studies suggest that SAPs can improve caregiver knowledge, comfort, and confidence with rescue medication administration. However, evidence that SAPs reduce emergency department use or affect other downstream outcomes is less consistent. This topical review summarizes evidence from the past decade on pediatric SAPs across home, school, emergency medical services, emergency departments, primary care, and residential or long-term care settings.