AlpIce ‐1: a database of geochronological and geomorphological constraints on Alps‐wide palaeoglacier fluctuations between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene

The AlpIce‐1 database is the first compilation of published geomorphological and geochronological markers constraining build‐up, culmination and decay of glaciers from the Last Glacial Maximum through the Holocene across the entire European Alps. AlpIce‐1 integrates more than 4200 surface‐exposure and radiocarbon ages, homogenized, quality controlled and evaluated for their palaeoglaciological context, compiled from 268 peer‐reviewed publications and over 1300 sites across the European Alps. The database includes ages originally obtained from a wide range of landforms and deposits including moraine ridges, lakes, mires, sediment outcrops, ice cores, bedrock surfaces, caves and archaeological sites. It documents chronological constraints on more than 1400 palaeoglacial events, including past ice‐margin stabilization, ice (re‐)advance, ice retreat, ice‐free or ice‐cover conditions. A GIS catalogue of more than 260 dated landforms (e.g. moraines, rock glaciers, landslide deposits) complements the database. AlpIce‐1 is designed as an open‐access resource supporting both field and modelling studies across the Alps and is intended for all communities interested in the late Quaternary. In light of emerging next‐generation numerical ice models, AlpIce‐1 offers an extensive and robust empirical basis for evaluating future (palaeo)glacier simulations.