DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.2019171 ISSN: 1303-0248

Safety of apitherapeutic products: a bibliometric and visual mapping analysis

Mustafa Zeybek
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This study aimed to evaluate the development, research trends, collaboration networks, and conceptual structure of the scientific literature on the safety of apitherapeutic products using bibliometric and visual mapping methods. A total of 480 publications, published between 1979 and 2025 and meeting the eligibility criteria, were identified in the Web of Science Core Collection and included in the analysis. Brazil, Türkiye, and Egypt were the leading countries in publication productivity, whereas Germany, Italy, and Saudi Arabia occupied central positions in the international collaboration network. Contact Dermatitis, Food and Chemical Toxicology, and Dermatitis were the most productive journals. Keyword analysis identified “propolis” as the most frequently used term, followed by prominent themes including “oxidative stress”, “chemical-composition”, “antioxidant”, and “toxicity”. Thematic evolution analysis indicated a transition from research focusing primarily on biochemical mechanisms and organ-level effects toward toxicity, anaphylaxis, and more specific clinical and allergic reactions. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the safety literature on apitherapeutic products is multidisciplinary, encompassing toxicological, biochemical, dermatological, and clinical dimensions. By collectively evaluating various apitherapeutic products from a safety-oriented perspective, this study provides a comprehensive overview of current research trends and highlights areas requiring further investigation.

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