Rockburst Mechanism in Gob-Side Roadways Induced by Zonal Energy Release from Thick-Hard Roof Failure

Abstract

Thick-hard roofs (THRs) govern the fracture and movement of overburden strata and control the formation and stability of stope structures. The instability of THRs acts as a core factor influencing ground pressure and serves as a primary trigger of rockbursts. This study aims to reveal the zoned energy release characteristics and dynamic response laws of gob-side roadways under THR instability. An elastoplastic foundation mechanical model was established to characterize the load-bearing behavior of THRs under mining-induced disturbances. The propagation and attenuation laws of stress waves generated by THR fracture were analyzed, and the dynamic disturbance characteristics of gob-side roadways were elucidated. Furthermore, a targeted rockburst mitigation strategy was proposed, which integrates dynamic load source isolation, static stress concentration relief, and cooperative support with constant-resistance, large-deformation, energy-absorbing anchor cables. The research findings can provide a solid theoretical basis for the prevention and control of THR-type rockbursts in deep coal mining.