Rhodopsin‐mimetic adaptive photodetectors for intelligent and secure vision systems
Genghui Zhang, Xinyang Lv, Jianting Wu, Yuhui Jia, Yudi Tu, Hang Zhou, Chuan LiuAbstract
Biological vision achieves reliable perception across wide illumination ranges through dynamic photoreceptor adaptation. Inspired by this principle, we report a rhodopsin‐mimetic photovoltaic dual‐transistor (PVT 2 ) photosensor cell integrating a quasi‐2D perovskite photodiode with dual IGZO thin‐film transistors. By electrically regulating light‐induced charge accumulation and release, the PVT 2 device enables adaptive operation spanning scotopic and photopic regimes. The device exhibits a responsivity of up to 139 A W –1 , a photo‐to‐dark current ratio exceeding 10 7 , and a tunable recovery time down to 10 −3 s, relaxing the trade‐offs among responsivity, photo‐to‐dark current ratio, and recovery dynamics. At the array level, PVT 2 sensors autonomously maintain high image contrast under fluctuating ambient illumination while suppressing inter‐pixel crosstalk. Beyond imaging, the light‐intensity‐dependent operating window functions as a reconfigurable hardware key, enabling single‐band visible‐light communication with accurate decoding and quantifiable per‐symbol entropy. This work demonstrates a solid‐state strategy for integrating adaptive vision sensing and physical‐layer security, enabling scalable integration for adaptive optoelectronic systems.