RG-PSR: Reliability-Guided Poisson Surface Reconstruction for Degraded 3D-Imaging Point Clouds

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems, including depth cameras, LiDAR sensors, and multi-view scanning pipelines, often produce point clouds with noisy normals, outliers, sparse sampling, and non-uniform density, which can degrade downstream mesh reconstruction. Poisson surface reconstruction is lightweight and training-free, but its global implicit formulation is sensitive to unreliably oriented samples and fixed density-trimming thresholds. This paper presents RG-PSR, a reliability-guided enhancement framework for Poisson-family surface reconstruction from degraded 3D-imaging point clouds. RG-PSR estimates a deterministic per-point reliability score from local density regularity, spacing variation, and normal consistency, and propagates this score through conservative point filtering, reliability-guided normal refinement, adaptive density-reliability trimming, and structure-aware postprocessing. The main pipeline requires no manual labels, neural network training, or ground-truth meshes at inference time. Experiments on three groups of object meshes under five deterministic degradation types show that RG-PSR improves Poisson-family reconstruction under degraded inputs. Compared with fixed density-trimmed Poisson reconstruction, RG-PSR reduces the overall Chamfer-L1 from 0.0218 to 0.0172, improves F0.01 from 0.6618 to 0.6836, and reduces Artifact0.02 from 0.3090 to 0.2632. In the broader classical comparison, local triangulation methods achieve stronger point-wise accuracy, while RG-PSR yields the fewest connected components and the highest largest-component ratio. These results position RG-PSR as a practical reliability layer for coherent Poisson-family reconstruction rather than a universal replacement for all surface-reconstruction methods.