Retrospective Study of Dental Anomalies Associated with Orofacial Cleft in Nigeria: Implications for Comprehensive Cleft Care
Seidu A. Bello, Bamidele Adetokunbo Famurewa, Hauwa A. Bashir, Omoyemi T. Ajisebutu, Azuka Raphael Njokanma, Taofeek Akin Akinniyi, Adewale Francis Adejobi, Aisha J. AhmadAbstract
Introduction:
Published data on the pattern of dental anomalies associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/palate (CL/P) and implications for care in Nigeria are sparsely reported.
Objectives:
To report the prevalence and pattern of dental anomalies associated with CL/P and implications for care in Nigeria.
Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of medical and dental records of CL/P patients managed between 2011 and 2023 during surgical outreaches of the Cleft and Facial Deformity Foundation in Northcentral Nigeria was conducted. Demographic information, cleft type, class of occlusion, and dental anomalies as evidenced on clinical and radiographic examinations were retrieved from patients’ records. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 26 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A statistically significant association was considered when
Results:
Records of 263 CL/P patients were reviewed and analyzed. The mean age (±standard deviation) was 16.5 ± 11.7 years. The prevalence of dental anomaly was 85.6% (225/263). Dental anomalies affected 462 teeth of 225 CL/P patients. Leading dental anomalies were tooth rotation and agenesis, which accounted for 98.7% (222/225) and 94.7% (213/225) of CL/P patients with dental anomalies, respectively. There was a statistically significant association (
Conclusion:
Majority of CL/P patients in the study population presented with at least one dental anomaly. This highlights the importance of multidisciplinary comprehensive cleft care in Nigeria.