Retrospective Observational Study on Anti-Cancer Drug Utilisation in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital
Kunta Naresh, Sai Kamal Tadakamalla, Rajesh Vemula, Sri Harshika Tupakula, Sriharsha Varakala, K. Jagadeeshwar, Tulja Rani Gampa, Swapna JillaIntroduction:
Cancer remains a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Optimizing the utilization of anticancer drugs is essential to improve therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the prescribing patterns and rational use of anticancer drugs in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted over six months in the oncology department of a tertiary care hospital. Data from 220 patients were collected from electronic health records, including demographic details, diagnosis, treatment regimens, and prescribing indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.
results:
Breast cancer emerged as the most prevalent diagnosis (57.7%), with a significantly higher occurrence in females (81.3%, p<0.001). The 49-58-year age group was most commonly affected (25.4%). Chemotherapy was the primary treatment modality (45.5%), and combination regimens were used far more frequently than monotherapy (78.2% vs 21.8%, p<0.001). Cyclophosphamide and carboplatin were the most commonly prescribed agents; treatment outcomes were distributed uniformly across response categories, with no statistically significant differences.
Results:
Out of 220 patients, the majority were females (81.36%), with the highest incidence observed in the 49-58 age group (25.45%). Breast cancer was the most prevalent malignancy (57.73%). Chemotherapy alone was used in 45.45% of cases, while combination therapy was prescribed in 78.2% of patients. Cyclophosphamide and carboplatin were the most frequently used drugs. A statistically significant preference for combination therapy was observed (p < 0.001).
Discussion:
The study highlights a predominance of breast cancer and extensive use of combination chemotherapy, consistent with global treatment practices. While prescribing patterns largely adhered to standard guidelines, polypharmacy and high injectable use indicate the need for continuous monitoring.
Conclusion:
Anticancer drug utilization in the study setting was generally rational; however, there is scope for improvement in prescribing practices. Implementation of continuous Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) programs can promote evidence-based therapy and improve patient outcomes.