Research on Triangular Cellular Reusable Buffered Metamaterials for Landing Systems

The advancement of deep space exploration, which aims to establish permanent extraterrestrial bases, urgently demands reusable landing buffer systems, a capability beyond the reach of traditional, single‐use buffers like aluminum honeycombs. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel reusable buffer system based on buffered metamaterials. We introduce a design framework that integrates material development, structural configuration, and system validation. Firstly, we developed a NiTi shape memory alloy suitable for additive manufacturing. By optimizing the laser scanning strategy, we achieved a 3D‐printed NiTi alloy with a fracture strain of 12% and a fracture stress exceeding 700 MPa, meeting the requirements for high strength and large deformation. Subsequently, a zero‐Poisson’s ratio triangular unit‐cell metamaterial configuration was designed, and its platform stress was accurately predicted using a theoretical model. This structure was then fabricated directly using the 4D printing technique with the developed NiTi alloy. Quasi‐static compression tests revealed that the metamaterial could be compressed to 70% strain without fracture, exhibited a stable platform force, and demonstrated a superior shape recovery rate of over 94% after heating. Finally, a prototype three‐legged lander was constructed and subjected to landing impact tests. The results confirmed that the system effectively maintained the impact overload below 12 g and could be fully recovered for repeated use via thermal activation. This work successfully demonstrates a viable pathway for developing reusable landing buffer systems by synergizing 4D‐printed shape memory alloys with rational metamaterial design.