Research on the Driving Mechanism of Digital Infrastructure for Sustainable Development Resilience of Chinese Agriculture

Amid intensifying global geopolitical conflicts and increasingly frequent market fluctuations, enhancing the resilience of agricultural sustainable development has become a core issue for ensuring food security and promoting rural revitalization. Digital infrastructure offers a crucial pathway for addressing the pain points in agricultural development and improving resilience levels. Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces over the period 2013–2024, this paper employs the entropy method to measure agricultural sustainable development resilience and the level of digital infrastructure development. It empirically examines the empowering effect and mechanism of digital infrastructure on agricultural sustainable development resilience through FE two-way models, mediation models, and other econometric approaches. The findings are as follows: (1) digital infrastructure can enhance agricultural sustainable development resilience in the long term; (2) digital inclusive finance plays a significant partial mediating role, and this empowering effect exhibits a double-threshold characteristic; (3) marketization exerts a positive moderating effect; (4) the empowering effect is more pronounced in the central region. Accordingly, this paper proposes policy recommendations including optimizing the regional layout of digital infrastructure, implementing threshold-based differentiated policies for digital inclusive finance, and improving market-oriented supporting mechanisms, thereby providing practical support for international academic research on enhancing agricultural sustainable development resilience.