DOI: 10.66702/ejoms.1986589 ISSN: 2687-5497

Reliability, Educational Quality, and Technical Completeness of YouTube Videos on Extraoral Approaches to the Temporomandibular Joint and Mandibular Condyle

Aydın Onur Gerçek, Salih Eren Meral
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Objective: To evaluate the reliability, overall educational quality, and procedure-specific technical completeness of publicly available YouTube videos demonstrating extraoral surgical approaches to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular condyle, and to compare findings across approaches.Methods: This cross-sectional content analysis screened the first 30 videos retrieved for each of four search terms: "preauricular approach," "Al-Kayat Bramley approach," "endaural approach TMJ," and "retromandibular approach." Eligible videos were independently evaluated by two investigators using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, Global Quality Score (GQS), and a newly developed 10-item Temporomandibular Joint Extraoral Approach Educational Score (TMJ-EAES), with videos depicting more than one approach assessed separately per approach (20 unique videos yielding 23 assessment entries). Scores were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's test with Bonferroni correction.Results: Of 120 retrieved videos, 20 videos met the eligibility criteria and yielded 23 approach-specific assessment entries. Mean JAMA, GQS, and TMJ-EAES scores were 2.22 ± 0.85, 3.96 ± 0.71, and 6.22 ± 2.81, respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficients of at least 0.87. JAMA and GQS scores did not differ significantly among approaches (p = 0.207 and p = 0.398, respectively). TMJ-EAES scores differed significantly (p = 0.027), with lower scores for the Al-Kayat Bramley approach than for the retromandibular approach (1.00 ± 1.73 versus 8.00 ± 1.41; adjusted p = 0.021).Conclusion: The videos showed relatively high GQS scores but only limited-to-moderate adherence to the JAMA benchmark criteria, and procedure-specific technical completeness varied across approaches, with lower scores observed among the limited number of Al-Kayat Bramley videos in this sample. YouTube should therefore be used as a supplementary resource alongside structured surgical training and peer-reviewed references.

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