Regulating Interfacial Potential Fields and Molecular Solubility via Amide‐Linked Graphene‐Quinone Heterostructures for Ultrastable and Fast‐Kinetic Supercapacitors

ABSTRACT

Tetraamino‐p‐benzoquinone (TABQ) is a highly promising supercapacitor electrode due to its high theoretical capacity, yet its practical application is severely hindered by significant solubility in electrolytes and sluggish charge transfer kinetics. Herein, an interfacial potential field engineering strategy is developed to overcome these bottlenecks by constructing amide‐linked graphene‐quinone heterostructures. Through the covalent anchoring of TABQ onto graphene via amide linkages (–CO–NH–), the dissolution in the electrolyte of TABQ is effectively suppressed, ensuring cycling durability. Simultaneously, the integration of a highly conductive graphene network combined with the optimized interfacial potential field significantly boosts the overall electrical conductivity and accelerates interfacial H ⁺ transport kinetics. Experimental results and theoretical analysis demonstrate that this synergistic modulation endows TABQ with an impressive specific capacity of 367 F g ⁻¹ at 1 A g ⁻¹ and a capacity retention of 93.2% after ultra‐long 50 000 cycles at 30 A g ⁻¹ . Impressively, the assembled asymmetric supercapacitor delivers a high energy density of 24.22 Wh kg ⁻¹ at a power density of 700 W kg ⁻¹ and retention of 92.1% after 50 000 cycles. This work provides a molecular‐level paradigm for designing high‐performance organic electrodes by concurrently regulating solubility and interfacial electronics for advanced aqueous energy storage.