Real-Time IoT-Enabled Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring and Automated Wastewater Recirculation in Constructed Wetlands

Wastewater treatment is necessary for environmental conservation and combating water pollution. This study demonstrates real-time dissolved oxygen (DO) monitoring in constructed wetland treatment. The system would ensure an adequate supply of oxygen through automated water circulation whenever the level is below 4 mg/L, and shut down when it reaches the normal level. From experiments conducted, it was observed that within three automated circulation processes, it is possible to increase DO concentrations from 0.5 mg/L to 5.0 mg/L. Additionally, Total Dissolved Solids reduced from 1,380 ppm to 920 ppm. pH also stabilized from 8.38 to 7.9. In this system, data is exchanged through wireless technology to a mobile application. Hence, efficient treatment is acquired without relying on human involvement. Besides, it saves costs and human labour. In large-scale treatment processes for wastewater treatment, solar and predictive analyses could also be considered.