Pyogenic Liver Abscess Associated with Acute Hepatitis A and Burkholderia cepacia Sepsis in a Child: A Rare Case Report

Pyogenic liver abscess is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening infection in children. Although it is usually associated with underlying predisposing conditions, its occurrence in association with acute hepatitis A is infrequently reported. We report a case of a 4-year-old male child who presented with fever, jaundice, and abdominal distension and was diagnosed with pyogenic liver abscess associated with concurrent hepatitis A infection and Burkholderia cepacia complex sepsis. This case underscores the need to consider secondary bacterial infection in children with hepatitis A who have persistent fever or an unexpected clinical course despite appropriate supportive care. Although jaundice may initially be attributed to uncomplicated viral hepatitis, the possibility of a coexisting pyogenic liver abscess should be entertained when clinical recovery is delayed or atypical features are present. Early radiological evaluation, initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and timely abscess drainage when indicated are important for minimizing morbidity and optimizing clinical outcomes in this rare but serious condition.