Pulmonary Chondroma Presenting with Hemoptysis: A Rare Case Report

Pulmonary chondroma is a rare benign neoplasm arising within the lung parenchyma, accounting for approximately 0.1% of all benign pulmonary tumors and only 0.04% of lung neoplasms overall. This case report describes a 55-year-old female presenting with hemoptysis and dyspnea. Chest X-ray was suggestive of a pulmonary mass lesion, which had features of a pulmonary hamartoma on high-resolution computed tomography-thorax. Transthoracic TruCut biopsy established the diagnosis of a large (8 × 9 cm) pulmonary chondroma. The patient declined evaluation for other components of Carney's triad, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and extra-adrenal paragangliomas. Because the large tumor involved almost the entire lower lobe, lung-sparing surgical modalities were unfeasible, and the patient underwent a lobectomy without any complications and remains asymptomatic at 9 months of follow-up. The patient is planned for lifelong annual surveillance to detect other components of Carney's triad should they develop in the future. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for Carney's triad in patients with isolated pulmonary chondroma, as these lesions may precede gastric or adrenal manifestations.