Public Attitudes Towards The Indonesian National Police

Demands for police reform have emerged across various countries, including Indonesia. The intensification of negative public attitudes towards police is regarded as a key factor underpinning the rise of these demands. These attitudes can be assessed through seven factors: procedural justice, distributive justice, community engagement, bounded authority, effectiveness, legitimacy, and willingness to cooperate. By measuring public attitudes towards police, priority indicators in the police reform agenda from the public’s perspective can be identified. This study aims to explore how the police reform agenda in the Indonesian context can be advanced through modifications in these factors. Drawing on a cross-sectional survey of public attitudes toward the police among400 residents in Bogor City, this study finds that procedural justice has a strong influence on positive attitudes toward the police. Nevertheless, comparatively higher levels of extremely negative attitudes were observed in the dimensions of bounded authority, effectiveness, and willingness to cooperate. The findings highlight the need to prioritise these three factors in Bogor Police Force reform initiatives while maintaining performance that strengthens procedural justice and other dimensions. More broadly, the study provides one of the empirical examinations of public attitudes towards police in Indonesia, offering evidencebased priorities for national reform initiatives.