Progress in the Study of Chemical Ingredients and Pharmacological Activities of Shuanghuanglian Preparations: A Review

This study integrates the chemical components and pharmacological effects of the three medicinal herbs in Shuanghuanglian preparations— Flos Lonicerae , Radix Scutellariae , and Fructus Forsythiae . Network pharmacology was used to predict action targets associated with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. The results show that Flos Lonicerae mainly contains flavonoids and organic acids. Radix Scutellariae is primarily composed of flavonoids and phenylpropanoids. Fructus Forsythiae includes phenolic acids, lignans, and other compounds. In terms of pharmacological effects, chlorogenic acid and baicalin are the core antibacterial components. Baicalein and forsythoside A are key anti-inflammatory active substances. Chlorogenic acid and forsythoside A exhibit antiviral activity. This study clarifies the main chemical material basis of Shuanghuanglian preparations and their underlying antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral mechanisms, thus providing theoretical support for further research and clinical application. However, the molecular mechanisms of some compounds remain unclear. Future studies should focus on further mechanistic and clinical research to promote the optimization and application of Shuanghuanglian preparations.