DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1974461 ISSN: 2636-8579

Prognostic value of APACHE II score and lactate-to-albumin ratio for ICU mortality: a single-center retrospective cohort study

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Aims: Accurate prediction of mortality in critically ill patients is important for clinical decision-making and resource allocation in intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with ICU mortality, with particular emphasis on APACHE II score and lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR).Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study reviewed adult patients admitted to a tertiary-care ICU between February 2021 and February 2024. Patients with ICU stays of less than 24 hours, incomplete clinical or laboratory data, or repeated admissions were excluded. Demographic characteristics, severity scores, laboratory parameters, and organ support requirements were obtained from electronic medical records. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed.Results: Of 2,358 screened ICU admissions, 2,051 patients were included in the final analysis, and 313 (15.3%) died during ICU stay. Non-survivors had significantly higher APACHE II and SOFA scores, lactate, LAR, and creatinine levels, and lower albumin levels (all p

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