Primary renal glomus tumours of uncertain malignant potential: diagnostic challenges and insights from two instances

Glomus tumours (GTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms originating from modified myoid cells of the glomus body which is involved in thermoregulation and skin circulation. Primary renal involvement is exceedingly rare and has been reported only sporadically in the medical literature. Although typically benign, these tumours can occasionally exhibit aggressive or malignant behaviour. This article presents two cases of renal GT with uncertain malignant potential. Both patients, elderly individuals presenting with abdominal pain, were found to have large parenchymal renal masses on radiological evaluation. They underwent nephrectomy, followed by detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. While the tumours displayed atypical features, they did not meet the established criteria for malignancy. Postoperative follow-up revealed a benign clinical course, with no signs of local recurrence or metastasis.