DOI: 10.4103/mjbl.mjbl_1787_23 ISSN: 1812-156X

Prevalence and Immunological Markers of Entameba Complex Infection in Patients with Amebiasis Symptoms

Rifa'a Ali Mohamed, Neama Ali Ahmed, Ibtihal Hameed Mohsin
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Abstract

Background:

Amebiasis is still a major global public health concern, and the number of incident disease cases has increased due to immigration and increased international travel.

Objective:

To investigate the prevalence of Entameba histolytica and Entameba dispar complex infection and its association with immunological markers in outpatients experiencing amebiasis symptoms.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to June 2023, enrolling 450 outpatients with amebiasis symptoms. Stool samples were collected from Baqubah General Hospital and analyzed using microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interleukin-4 (IL-4), caspase, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β ) immunological markers were measured in patients and controls.

Results:

Microscopy revealed a prevalence of Entameba complex infection of 31.78%. ELISA testing of microscopy-positive samples confirmed amebiasis in 88.17%. Patients exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-4 and TGF- β compared to controls, while caspase levels were significantly lower in patients.

Conclusion:

Entameba complex infection is prevalent among outpatients with amebiasis symptoms. Immunological markers IL-4, caspase, and TGF- β may play a role in the pathogenesis of amebiasis.

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