Presentation and management of traumatic breast hematomas: a case series and review of the literature

Abstract

Breast hematomas resulting from traumatic injuries are poorly characterized and variably managed. Traumatic hematomas are less common than iatrogenic hematomas and lack a clear algorithm for assessment and management. Hematoma management in trauma scenarios is primarily guided by concern for ongoing blood loss and resultant variation in vital signs. As a result, management decisions are less likely to incorporate concerns about scarring and cosmesis, though these are commonly critical parts of breast care. Through a series of patients evaluated at a level one trauma center, this article explores the appropriate assessment, management, and follow-up for patients with breast trauma and resultant hematomas. We propose several strategies to address care of immediate traumatic injuries while also optimizing long-term breast health.