PREPARATION OF LIPOSOMES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR TOXIC PROPERTIES

Liposomes are nanoscale vesicular systems composed of phospholipid bilayers capable of encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. The present study investigates the effect of temperature and repeated freeze–thaw (F/T) cycles on liposomal size, polydispersity and evaluates their cytotoxicity on MDSK cell lines using the MTT assay. Liposomes were prepared by the reverse-phase evaporation method and hydrated at different temperatures (30, 40, 50, and 60 °C). The samples were subjected to multiple F/T cycles (1–9×) to study their particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cytotoxicity was tested using the MTT method on MDSK cell lines. The results showed that moderate temperatures (40–50 °C) and limited F/T cycles (3-5) produced liposomes with the most uniform size distribution and high cell viability. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing physical parameters during liposome formulation to ensure their structural integrity and safety in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.