Postoperative Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide for Keloid Recurrence Prevention: A Narrative Review of Protocols, Outcomes, and Comparative Therapies

Keloids are benign fibroproliferative scars characterized by excessive collagen deposition and prolonged inflammation. Reported recurrence rates vary substantially across studies, while recurrence following excision alone has been reported to approach 100% in selected series. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) is widely used following excision, although protocols vary considerably and data comparing TAC with other adjuvant modalities remain inconsistent. This review evaluates current evidence on TAC as a postoperative therapy, compares its outcomes with alternatives such as radiotherapy and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), and identifies gaps that limit development of standardized guidelines. The available literature supports postoperative intralesional TAC as a practical adjuvant for reducing keloid recurrence after excision; however, heterogeneity in study design, follow‐up duration, and dosing protocols limits definitive recommendations and underscores the need for controlled comparative studies.