Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Facial Plastic Surgery: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

To summarize current evidence on Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) applications and outcomes in facial plastic surgery.

PRP and PRF are autologous platelet concentrates with regenerative potential. They release growth factors that promote tissue repair, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, graft integration, and scar remodeling, making them increasingly relevant in facial plastic surgery.

A narrative review of clinical studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews was conducted. Key outcomes included wound healing, graft retention, postoperative edema and ecchymosis, scar improvement, and patient satisfaction.

PRP improved wound healing, reduced crusting, and enhanced patient satisfaction in rhinoplasty, while PRF decreased cartilage resorption and improved graft stability. In rhytidectomy, PRP offered modest reductions in edema and ecchymosis. Both agents enhanced scar revision and fat graft outcomes, with PRF showing superior remodeling and long-term graft retention. In periorbital rejuvenation, PRP improved pigmentation and satisfaction, whereas PRF improved skin texture and wrinkles. Both were safe with minimal adverse events.

PRP and PRF are effective biologic adjuncts in facial plastic surgery, supporting tissue regeneration, graft integration, and aesthetic outcomes. Efficacy is influenced by patient factors and technique. High-quality, procedure-specific trials are needed to optimize protocols.