Phylogenetic Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from Cattle in Nigeria, 2017–2020
Aliyu Sada, Jibril Adamu, Haruna M. Kazeem, Junaidu Kabir, Hussaini G. Ularamu, Yiltawe Wungak, Kabiru H. Ahmad, Bala N. Umar, Bridget Fomenky, Kate Hole, Sean Yeo, Shawn Babiuk, Oliver Lung, Charles NfonThe aim of this study was to detect and characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes circulating in cattle from Nigeria and to determine the genetic relationship with FMDV from previous studies in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was undertaken between 2017 and 2020, during which a total of 234 epithelial tissue samples were collected from reported outbreaks in nine states across Nigeria over a four-year period. Serotypes O/EA-3 and SAT2/VII were identified in samples from 2017 and 2018, serotypes A/Africa/G-IV and SAT2/VII in 2019, and all three serotypes including O/EA-3 and O/WA were identified in samples from 2020. This study identified the presence of three FMDV serotypes (O/EA-3 and O/WA, A/Africa/G-IV and SAT2/VII) circulating in Nigeria. The three serotypes detected in this study can be recommended for production of the appropriate vaccines to control FMDV in Nigeria.