Photoluminescence Explorations of Mg‐Activated Potassium Phospho‐Borate Glasses Doped With Dy ³⁺ Ions for Laser Applications

ABSTRACT

To scrutinise the spectroscopic performance of the Mg‐activated potassium phospho‐borate glasses doped with Dy ³⁺ ions, a novel series of alkali/transition metals and heavy‐metal modified glasses have been fabricated utilising the conventional melt‐quench process. The nephelauxetic ratio (1<) and negative bonding parameter (δ) confirms that Dy−O bonds are ionic. The photoluminescence spectra show emission in the visible region is dominated by the electric‐dipole ⁴ F _9/2  →  ⁶ H _13/2 transition (~573 nm). The estimated JO parameters have the trend as Ω ₂  > Ω ₆  > Ω ₄ , which indicates the asymmetric environment around the Dy ³⁺ . Exceptionally, the BPMKD:P glass follows the Ω ₂  > Ω ₄  > Ω ₆ trend. CIE analysis affirmed that the studied glass samples exhibit emission in the white region, with CdO and ZnO modified glass showing colour purity as 5% and 8%, respectively, which indicates its closeness to the pure‐white light emission. Radiative parameters such as A , β _R , σ _E , Δ λ _eff and τ _rad were computed for the ⁶ H _15/2  →  ⁶ F _15/2 and ⁶ H _15/2  →  ⁶ F _13/2 transitions. Among all glasses, BPMKD:Z glass shows enhanced magnitudes of the radiative parameters, which demonstrate superior potential for lasing and opto‐electronic applications. The decay profiles of the ⁴ F _9/2 level showed bi‐exponential behaviour, wherein the higher quantum efficiency is found for the BPMKD:Z glass, which further confirms its suitability for white‐light emitting applications.