Phenols and flavonoids from Terminalia chebula (Retz.) with anti-diabetic potential supported by ADMET studies

The study purports the evaluation of anti-diabetic efficiency of bioactive phenols and flavonoids from the extract of Terminalia chebula. Silica gel column chromatography of methanolic extract facilitated the isolation of four compounds where, their structures was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and identified as Kaempferol, Methyl quercetin, Aromadendrin and Ferulic acid. All the isolated compounds were analyzed by HPLC and confirmed by retention times and MS fragmentation using METLIN database. All the compounds were evaluated for anti-diabetic potential using in vitro cell lines and enzyme models wherein, the compounds demonstrated proliferation of INS-1 cell and less than 20% cell death on HepG2 and L6 myoblasts suggesting that these molecules upregulate the glucose stimulated insulin secretion and enhancing the insulin sensitivity. Further, the extract and compounds also triggered substantial inhibition of a-amylase, a-glucosidase, lipase, sucrase, PTB1B, DPPIV, and Collagenase enzymes in in vitro studies. The in vitro results were well supported by ADMET studies, where all the compounds exhibited moderate lipophilicity, good water solubility, high GI absorption and excellent skin permeation and BBB permeation. The results obtained were remarkable and suggests that the isolated compounds can helps ameliorate the severity of diabetes and might be natural lead molecules in the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations for the management of type-II diabetes.