Perioperative Anaphylaxis and Respiratory Failure During AVF Surgery in an End‐Stage Renal Disease Patient

ABSTRACT

Perioperative anaphylaxis can cause sudden, catastrophic respiratory and cardiovascular collapse in high‐risk ESRD patients, even during regional anesthesia. Early recognition, prompt epinephrine administration, serum tryptase measurement, vigilant respiratory monitoring, and multidisciplinary preparedness—including ECMO capability—are critical to improving survival and preventing recurrent perioperative events.