Perception-Based BIM-Informed Framework for Prioritizing Facility Management Risks and Assessing Perceived Saudi Building Code Adequacy

Facility management (FM) requires priorities that distinguish important operational risks from perceived weaknesses in their management. This study develops a perception-based framework linking Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Saudi Building Code (SBC). Thirty-two literature-derived FM risk factors were rated by 47 professionals for importance, perceived BIM mitigation potential, and perceived SBC adequacy. Analyses combined Relative Importance Index (RII) summaries, internal consistency, and paired Wilcoxon tests with Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment. Ten factors showed positive importance–adequacy contrasts with q < 0.05. External contractor quality had the largest contrast (0.094), followed by life-cycle cost underestimation (0.081). A complementary importance–adequacy analysis separated the ten candidates into five factors combining high importance with adequacy below the scale’s good-adequacy benchmark, four safety factors combining high importance with good perceived adequacy, and one asset-renewal factor below both benchmarks. No factor had mean perceived adequacy below the scale midpoint. Alternative sample-mean crosshairs changed quadrant membership, demonstrating threshold sensitivity. The proposed framework therefore distinguishes targeted improvement, continuing safety assurance, and longer-term asset planning. It also maps the candidates to operational information needs, with BIM positioned as a conditional support mechanism requiring complementary management controls and, where justified, operational systems and analytics. The findings identify professional perceptions and guidance topics rather than legal deficiencies, demonstrated risk reduction, or quantified economic benefits.