DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.11605 ISSN: 0924-9338

Perceived Emotional Threat and OCD Symptoms in a Nonclinical Sample: Examining Group Differences Between People with High vs. Low OCD symptoms

T. Accinni, P. Cordellieri, A. Quaglieri, G. D. Kotzalidis, M. Panfili, A. Maraone, M. Pasquini, A. Buzzanca

Introduction

Research highlights the role of emotional processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). This study examines differences in perceived emotional threat among individuals with varying obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom levels in a nonclinical sample.

Objectives

To examine Perceptions of Threats from Emotion Questionnaire (PTEQ, 2006) subscale differences between groups with lower and higher OC symptoms, controlling for anxiety, responsibility, somatic awareness, thought–action fusion, education, and age.

Methods

Participants (n=460) completed the PTEQ, Padua Inventory (PI, 1988), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI, 1988), Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS, 2000), Self-Awareness Questionnaire (SAQ, 2014), and Thought–Action Fusion Scale (TAF, 1996). Participants were split in two groups (below/above mean), and PTEQ subscale differences were examined controlling for BAI, RAS, SAQ, TAF, education, and age.

Results

A statistically significant difference was found in PTEQ subscale scores based on participants’ PI scores, controlling for covariate measures and demographic factors (Wilks’ Λ=0.700, F(8,233)=12.47, p <.001; see Table 1). Covariate measures and demographics also significantly affected responses across emotional subscales (Table 2). Univariate tests showed significant group differences on Sadness (F=65.29, p <.001), Happiness (F=31.59, p <.001), Anger (F=34.10, p <.001), Fear (F=34.75, p <.001), Disgust (F=34.07, p <.001), Guilt (F=50.02, p <.001), Lust (F=22.41, p <.001), and Strong Emotion (F=60.73, p <.001).

Table 1.

Multivariate Tests for Group Differences on PTEQ Subscales

Table 1. Long description.

Test
Value
F df p
Pillai’s Trace
0.2998
12.47 8 / 233 < .001
Wilks’ Lambda
0.700 12.47 8 / 233 < .001
Hotelling’s Trace
0.4281 12.47 8 / 233 < .001
Roy’s Largest Root
0.4281 12.47 8 / 233 < .001
Table 2.

Multivariate Effects of Covariates

Table 2. Long description.

Covariate
Wilks’ Lambda
F df p
BAI (Anxiety)
0.825
6.19 8 / 233 < .001
RAS (Responsibility)
0.126 26.16 8 / 233 < .001
SAQ (Somatic Awaren)
0.916 4.88 8 / 233 0.008
TAF (Thought-Action)
0.904 8.52 8 / 233 0.002
Education Level
0.761 6.57 8 / 233 0.012
Age
0.818 11.44 8 / 233 < .001

Conclusions

Individuals with higher OC symptoms (>mean PI score) exhibit increased perception of emotional threat compared to those with lower symptoms (<mean PI). They reported significantly greater threat linked to sadness, happiness, anger, fear, disgust, guilt, lust, and strong emotion. Findings suggest a link between obsessionality and emotion dysregulation, underscoring the relevance of perceived emotional threat in OCD, taking into account anxiety, interoceptive awareness, responsibility beliefs, thought–action fusion, and demographic factors.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

More from our Archive