DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_87_26 ISSN: 2588-9834

Pentraxin 3 as a Potential Biomarker for Hyperthyroidism and its Association with Cardiometabolic Indices

Huda Aness Alhajj, Thikra Ali Allwsh
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Abstract

Background:

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an anti-inflammatory biomarker associated with cardiac vascular regeneration. The study aimed to explore the importance of PTX3 as a diagnostic discriminator biomarker for hyperthyroidism and its relationship with cardiometabolic indices.

Methods:

The case-control study included 320 participants, divided equally into a hyperthyroidism group and a healthy control group. The data were distributed across models that included the first PTX3, the second metabolic indices, and the third cardiovascular indices.

Results:

PTX3 levels were significantly higher in patients with hyperthyroidism. Cardiometabolic indices, particularly those indicating insulin resistance, showed higher levels in the hyperthyroidism group. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed an area under the curve value of 0.906 ( P < 0.001) for PTX3, confirming its diagnostic discriminator as a biomarker for hyperthyroidism, while the cardiometabolic indices did not show significant. Furthermore, PTX3 showed a positive correlation in forest plot analysis of crude and adjusted logistic regression models and Multidomain Restricted Cubic Spline logistic regression curves. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed that PTX3 has a significant negative association with Triglyceride–cholesterol–body weight index and Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S). Conversely, a significant positive association with Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Triglyceride-glucose index.

Conclusion:

This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring PTX3 and serum cardiometabolic indices in patients with hyperthyroidism to aid prognostic evaluation and risk stratification. This study is also the first to suggest a potential predictive role for PTX3 in diagnosing hyperthyroidism, which requires validation in larger prospective studies.

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