Penetration Depth Prediction Formulas and Proposed Application Limits and Safety Factors

Abstract

This study evaluates the accuracy of 18 different penetration depth prediction formulas used to design concrete structures for collision scenarios. A substantial data set of 938 experimental data points from various references was consolidated and analyzed. The primary objective was to identify the advantages and limitations of each formula and establish their application limits by considering various impact conditions. By assessing the performance of the formulas against the experimental data sets, the methodology could make informed decisions when selecting prediction formulas for specific scenarios. The proposed application limits and safety factors optimized structural design for better impact resistance and contributed to the overall safety and efficiency of concrete structures. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference for engineers and researchers, facilitating the advancement of more accurate and reliable impact prediction methodologies in the impact engineering area.