P1358 Microbiome differences in ulcerative colitis patients and healthy controls during the COVID-19 outbreak regarding dietary preferences, supplement, probiotic and antibiotic consumption history
Z Straume, N Krumina, I Elbere, M Rozenberga, L Blomniece, L Zidkova, D Rudzite, R Erts, K Megnis, A KruminaAbstract
Background
There has been much interest in the possible benefits of microbiome-modulating interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics in ulcerative colitis. Microbiota plays an important role in host health and is perturbed by several factors including antibiotics and diseases like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods
From June 2021 to June 2022 79 ulcerative colitis (UC) outpatients from Riga East Clinical University Hospital and 78 healthy controls were included in a Cross-sectional study. All patients were divided into groups according to medically proven data about COVID-19 status (COVID-19pos vs. COVID-19neg) within the last 6 months. Information about diet, vitamin, probiotic, and antibiotic intake and faecal samples were collected. MetaPhlAn v.2.6.0 tool was used for taxonomically classifying the gut microbiome shotgun-metagenome data. In further analysis gut microbiome (mostly bacteria phyla) and related data were analysed with SPSS 20.0.
Results
Overall, 157 participants were included in the study: 79 patients with ulcerative colitis and 78 healthy controls. In the UC group were 35(44.3%) female and 44(55.7%) males, in controls 63(80.8%) female and 15(19.2%) male, p<0.001.The most followed diets were lactose-free diet (8(10.5%) vs.3(3.90%), p=0.2) and gluten-free diet (4(5.19%) vs 6 (7.79%),p=0.7). Controls were more in low carb diet (3 (3.80%) vs.7(8.97%),p=0.2). Vegetarians were more in controls (1(1.27%) vs. 6(7.69%), p=0.06). There were no statistically significant differences regarding sweet consumption and gut microbiome in both groups. In the UC group fewer vitamin C users (8(10.1%) vs. 20(25.6%), p=0.02, vitamin D users 26(32.9%) vs.44(56.4%), p=0.005,vitamin B 4(5.06%) vs. 15(19.2%),p=0.01. In the UC group vitamin C users had less Euryarchaeota (M=0.0;SD=0.1 vs. M=1.0;SD=2.2,p<0.001) and fewer Proteobacteria (M=1.4;SD=1.3 vs. M=4.1;SD=7.8,p=0.11) than non-users. No Euryarchaeota were found in UC using vitamin B (M=0.0; SD+0.0 vs. M=0.9;SD=2.1,p<0.001). No statistical significance was found regarding use of antibiotics in both groups. Probiotics were used less frequently in the UC group at the time of the interview (13(16.5%) vs. 22(28.2%),p=0.1) and during the last month (13(16.5%) vs. 22(28.2%),p=0.1), no statistically significant differences were found in their gut microbiota. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the use of vitamin D and gut microbiome.
Conclusion
The most followed diets were lactose-free and gluten-free diets. There were no differences regarding sweet and vitamin D consumption and gut microbiome. In the UC group vitamin C users had less Euryarchaeota and less Proteobacteria than no users. There were no Euryarchaeota found in UC who were using vitamin B.