P-96: Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
A K Singh, A K Sah, S Pradhan, U K Das, R P Sah, S Khanal, B K ShahAbstract
Introduction
In children with T1DM, lipid abnormalities are precursors to microvascular complications and cardiovascular disease. As early dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor, establishing local prevalence in Nepal is essential for creating effective screening and treatment protocols.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and evaluate its association with clinico-biochemical parameters (HbA1c, age, sex, and BMI) among children with T1DM.
Nepal currently lacks the baseline data, By establishing local prevalence, this study provides the evidence required for strategic resource allocation and timely clinical interventions, aimed at reducing future cardiovascular complications.
Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at BPKIHS, Nepal, involving 84 children (2–16 years). Fasting lipid profiles and HbA1c were analyzed. Statistical analysis included Pearson correlation and binary logistic regression.
Results
The study population (mean age 10.79 ± 3.49 years) showed a mean HbA1c of 10.24 ± 2.90%. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 25.0% (n = 21). Hypertriglyceridemia was the most frequent abnormality (16.7%), followed by low HDL-C (9.5%), elevated LDL-C (8.3%), and hypercholesterolemia (7.1%). Dyslipidemia prevalence was numerically higher in the pubertal group (28.3%) versus the pre-pubertal group (16.7%), though not statistically significant (p = 0.403). Binary logistic regression showed neither age (p = 0.531) nor BMI (p = 0.269) were significant independent predictors. No significant linear correlation was found between HbA1c and lipid parameters (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study reveals a 25.0% prevalence of dyslipidemia in children with T1DM in Eastern Nepal, primarily hypertriglyceridemia. The lack of significant correlation with HbA1c suggests dyslipidemia may persist independently of current glycemic status in poorly controlled cohorts. Routine lipid screening for all pediatric T1DM patients is necessary to facilitate early cardiovascular intervention.